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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
from datetime import datetime
class FinanceVisualizer:
"""财务数据可视化工具"""
def __init__(self):
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False
self.data = None
def load_data(self, filepath):
"""加载CSV数据"""
try:
self.data = pd.read_csv(filepath)
print(f"✅ 加载成功: {len(self.data)}行数据")
return True
except Exception as e:
print(f"❌ 加载失败: {e}")
return False
def create_bar_chart(self, x_col, y_col, title="柱状图"):
"""通用柱状图"""
if self.data is None:
print("⚠️ 请先加载数据")
return
plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))
if self.data[x_col].dtype == 'object':
plt.bar(self.data[x_col], self.data[y_col],
color='#4CAF50', alpha=0.8)
else:
plt.scatter(self.data[x_col], self.data[y_col],
s=100, color='#FF5722')
plt.title(title, fontsize=14, fontweight='bold')
plt.xlabel(x_col)
plt.ylabel(y_col)
plt.grid(axis='y', linestyle='--', alpha=0.7)
plt.xticks(rotation=45)
plt.tight_layout()
filename = f"{title}_{datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d')}.png"
plt.savefig(filename, dpi=150)
print(f"✅ 已保存: {filename}")
plt.show()
def create_line_chart(self, x_col, y_cols, title="折线图"):
"""多系列折线图"""
if self.data is None:
print("⚠️ 请先加载数据")
return
plt.figure(figsize=(12, 6))
if isinstance(y_cols, str):
y_cols = [y_cols]
colors = plt.cm.tab10(np.linspace(0, 1, len(y_cols)))
for i, y_col in enumerate(y_cols):
plt.plot(self.data[x_col], self.data[y_col],
marker='o', label=y_col, color=colors[i], linewidth=2)
plt.title(title, fontsize=14, fontweight='bold')
plt.xlabel(x_col)
plt.ylabel('数值')
plt.legend()
plt.grid(True, linestyle='--', alpha=0.6)
plt.xticks(rotation=45)
plt.tight_layout()
filename = f"{title}_{datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d')}.png"
plt.savefig(filename, dpi=150)
print(f"✅ 已保存: {filename}")
plt.show()
def create_pie_chart(self, labels_col, values_col, title="饼图"):
"""饼图"""
if self.data is None:
print("⚠️ 请先加载数据")
return
plt.figure(figsize=(10, 8))
if self.data[values_col].sum() <= 0:
print("⚠️ 数据无效，无法绘制饼图")
return
colors = plt.cm.Set3(np.linspace(0, 1, len(self.data)))
wedges, texts, autotexts = plt.pie(
self.data[values_col],
labels=self.data[labels_col],
autopct='%1.1f%%',
colors=colors,
startangle=140,
textprops={'fontsize': 10}
)
for autotext in autotexts:
autotext.set_color('white')
autotext.set_fontweight('bold')
plt.title(title, fontsize=14, fontweight='bold')
plt.axis('equal')
plt.tight_layout()
filename = f"{title}_{datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d')}.png"
plt.savefig(filename, dpi=150)
print(f"✅ 已保存: {filename}")
plt.show()
def create_report(self, charts_config, title="数据报告"):
"""生成多图表报告"""
n = len(charts_config)
cols = 2
rows = (n + 1) // 2
fig, axes = plt.subplots(rows, cols, figsize=(15, rows*5))
if rows == 1:
axes = axes.reshape(1, -1)
axes = axes.flatten()
for i, config in enumerate(charts_config):
ax = axes[i]
if config['type'] == 'bar':
ax.bar(self.data[config['x']], self.data[config['y']],
color=config.get('color', '#4CAF50'))
ax.set_title(config.get('title', ''), fontweight='bold')
ax.set_ylabel(config['y'])
ax.grid(axis='y', linestyle='--', alpha=0.7)
elif config['type'] == 'line':
for y_col in config['y']:
ax.plot(self.data[config['x']], self.data[y_col],
marker='o', label=y_col)
ax.set_title(config.get('title', ''), fontweight='bold')
ax.legend()
ax.grid(True, linestyle='--', alpha=0.6)
elif config['type'] == 'pie':
ax.pie(self.data[config['y']], labels=self.data[config['x']],
autopct='%1.1f%%')
ax.set_title(config.get('title', ''), fontweight='bold')
ax.axis('equal')
else:
ax.text(0.5, 0.5, '未知图表类型', ha='center', va='center')
ax.set_xlabel(config['x'])
for i in range(len(charts_config), len(axes)):
axes[i].set_visible(False)
fig.suptitle(title, fontsize=16, fontweight='bold', y=0.98)
plt.tight_layout(rect=[0, 0, 1, 0.96])
filename = f"{title}_{datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d')}.png"
plt.savefig(filename, dpi=300)
print(f"✅ 报告已保存: {filename} (高清)")
plt.show()
def main():
"""主菜单"""
visualizer = FinanceVisualizer()
while True:
print("\n" + "=" * 50)
print("财务数据可视化工具")
print("=" * 50)
print("1. 加载CSV数据")
print("2. 创建柱状图")
print("3. 创建折线图")
print("4. 创建饼图")
print("5. 生成综合报告")
print("6. 退出")
print("=" * 50)
choice = input("请选择: ").strip()
if choice == "1":
filepath = input("CSV文件路径: ").strip()
visualizer.load_data(filepath)
elif choice == "2":
if visualizer.data is not None:
x = input("X轴列名: ").strip()
y = input("Y轴列名: ").strip()
title = input("图表标题: ").strip() or "柱状图"
visualizer.create_bar_chart(x, y, title)
else:
print("⚠️ 请先加载数据")
elif choice == "3":
if visualizer.data is not None:
x = input("X轴列名: ").strip()
y = input("Y轴列名（多个用逗号分隔）: ").strip().split(',')
title = input("图表标题: ").strip() or "折线图"
visualizer.create_line_chart(x, y, title)
else:
print("⚠️ 请先加载数据")
elif choice == "4":
if visualizer.data is not None:
labels = input("标签列名: ").strip()
values = input("数值列名: ").strip()
title = input("图表标题: ").strip() or "饼图"
visualizer.create_pie_chart(labels, values, title)
else:
print("⚠️ 请先加载数据")
elif choice == "5":
if visualizer.data is not None:
print("\n请配置报告（输入图表数量）:")
n = int(input("图表数量: ").strip())
configs = []
for i in range(n):
print(f"\n图表 {i+1} 配置:")
t = input(" 类型(bar/line/pie): ").strip()
x = input(" X轴列名: ").strip()
y = input(" Y轴列名: ").strip()
title = input(" 图表标题: ").strip()
configs.append({
'type': t,
'x': x,
'y': y if t == 'pie' else [y],
'title': title
})
title = input("总标题: ").strip() or "数据报告"
visualizer.create_report(configs, title)
else:
print("⚠️ 请先加载数据")
elif choice == "6":
print("👋 再见！")
break
else:
print("请输入1-6！")
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
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